The Effects of Hypericum Extract on Blood Factors in Diabetic Rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12970/2308-8044.2014.02.01.2Keywords:
Diabetes, Hypericum, blood factors, rat.Abstract
Diabetes mellitus comprises a heterogeneous group of metabolic diseases characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins caused by defects in insulin secretion or function. It is said to be the sixth factor of mortality and its complications, if untreated, include: atherosclerosis, nephropathy, neuropathy, foot ulcers, disability and death. To treat diabetes either insulin is administrated or some chemicals that lower blood sugar levels are prescribed. However, due to their various complications, the use of medicinal herbs has been increasingly taken into consideration. In this study, the effects of Hypericum extract on blood parameters in diabetic rats-male Wistar rats-were studied. Methods: In this study, male rats (n =36) were randomly divided into six groups: control, 21 day treated control, 28 day treated control, diabetic, 21 day treated diabetic rats, and 28 day treated diabetic rats. To induce diabetes, streptozotocin was used intraperitoneally at a single dose of 60 mg per 1kg body weight. The treated groups were gavaged with the extract at a dose of 60 mg per kg body weight in a period of 3-4 weeks. After this period, blood serum parameters were measured and the data were analyzed using multivariate analyze of variance Results: The results showed that there is a significant difference between the six groups in parameters FBS, Total P, and Na in blood, and PU, FBSU, KU in urine. Conclusion: The administration of Hypericum extract in the experimental models of diabetes mellitus has improved the biochemical parameters in diabetic rats.
References
Tripathi BK, Srivastava AK. Diabetes mellitus: complications and therapeutics. Med Sci Monit 2006; 12(7): 130-47.
Azizi F, Rahmani M, Majid M, Emami H, Mirmiran P, Hajipour R. An introduction to objectives, procedure, and structure of Tehran lipid and glucose program. Iran J Endocrinol Metab 2001; 2: 77-86.
Wandell PE. Quality of life of patients with diabetes mellitus. An overview of research in primary health care in the Nordic countries. Scand J Prim Health Care 2005; 23: 68-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02813430510015296
Suji G, Sivakami S. Approaches to the treatement of diabetes mellitus: an overview. Cell Mol Biol 2003; 49: 635-9.
Zargari AS. Medicinal Plants. Tehran University Press 1997; Volume II: 324-318.
Vattikuti U. Anoverwiew on hypericumperforatumlinn. Natoral Product Radiance 2005; 368-381.
Hassanzadeh H. Anti-seizure effect of Hypericumperforatum in rats. J Med Plants 2004; 10-3.
Ishfaq A. Anti nociceptive activity of methanolic extract of St. john’s wort (Hypericumperforatum) preparation. Pak J Pharm Sci 2004; 17: 13-19.
Martarelli D. Hypericumperforatum methanolic extract inhibits growth of human prostatic carcinoma cell line orthopically implanted in nude mice. Cancer Lett 2004; 210: 27-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2004.01.031
Kamalakkannan N, Prince PS. Antihyperglycaemic and antioxidant effect of rutin, a polyphenolic flavonoid, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2006; 98(1): 97-103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2006.pto_241.x
Coskun O, Kantar M, Korkomaz A, Oter S. Quercetin, a flavonoid antioxidant, pereventand protects sterptozotocin-induced oxidative stress and B-cell damage in rat pancreas. Pharmacol Res 2005; 51: 117-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2004.06.002
Li YQ Zhou FC, Gao F, Bian JS, Shan F. Comprative evalution of quercetin, isoquercetin and rutin as inhibitors of alpha-glugosidase. J Agric Food Chem 2009; 57: 11463-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf903083h
Kwon O, Eck P, Chen S, Crope CP, Lee JH, Kruhlak M, et al. Inhibition oe the intestinal glugose transporter GLUT2 by flavonoids. J FASEB 2007; 21: 366-77.
Zou Y, Lu Y, Wei D. Hypocholesterolemic effects of a flavonoid-rich extract of Hypericumperforatum L. in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. J Agric Food Chem 2005; 53: 2462-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf048469r
Choi JS, Yokozawa T, Oura H. Improvement of hyperglycemia and hyperlipemia in streptozotocindiabetic rats by a methanolic extract of Prunusdaidiana stems and its main component, prunin. Planta Med 1991; 57: 208-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960075
Yanardag R, Bolkent S, Ozsoy-Sacan O, Karabulut- Bulan O. The effect of chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) extract on the kidney tissue, serum urea, and creatinine levels of diabetic rats. Phytotherapy Res 2002; 16: 758-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.1041
Tripathi YB, Pandey E, Dubey GP. Antioxidant property of Hypericumperforatum (L.) of Indian origin and its comparison with established medhyarasayanas of Ayurvedicmedicine. Curr Sci 1999; 76(1): 27-29.
Hakimoglu F, Kizil G, Kanay Z, Kizil M, Isi H. The effect of ethanol extract of Hypericumlysimachioides on lipid profile in hypercholesterolemic rabbits and its in vitro antioxidant activity. Atherosclerosis 2007; 192: 113-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.07.013
Chi TC, Chen WP, Chi TL, Kuo TF, Lee SS, Cheng JT, et al. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase is involved in the antihyperglycemic effect induced by resveratrol in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Life Sci 2007; 80: 1713-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2007.02.002
Vessal M, Hemmati M, Vasei M. Antidiabetic effects of quercetin in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology: Toxicol Pharmacol 2003; 135: 357-64.
Su HC, Hung LM, Chen JK. Resveratrol, a red wine antioxidant, Possesses an insulin-like effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2006; 290: 339-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00487.2005
Valcheva-Kuzmanova S, Kuzmanov K, Tancheva S, Belcheva A. Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of Aroniamelanocar Pa fruit juice in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods Find Ex PC lin Pharmacol 2007; 29: 101-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1358/mf.2007.29.2.1075349
Matsuda H, Morikawa T, Yoshikawa M. Antidiabetogenic constituents from several natural medicines. Pure Appi Cham 2002; 74: 1301-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200274071301
Bukonla A, Benson OK, Akinsola AR, Aribigbola C, Adesola A, Seyi A. Effect of Type 1 Diabetes On Serum Electrolytes (Sodium and Potassium) Levels and Testosterone Hormone in Human Male Subjects. Webmed Central Biochem 2012; 3(9).
Atangwho IJ, Patrick E, Ebong PE, Godwin E, Egbung GE,
et al. Effects of coadministration of extracts of Vernoniaamygdalina and Azadirachtaindica on serum electrolyte profile of diabetic and non diabetic rats. Aust J Basic Appl Sci 2009; 3: 2974-78.
Shaheen N, Muhammad S, Mahboob T. Effects of diltiazem on electrolytes homeostasis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Pharmacol 2007; 3: 319-326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijp.2007.319.326
Gayathri M, Kannabiran K. Hypoglycemic activity of Hemidesmusindicus R. Br. on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Diabetes 2008; 28: 6-10.
Yanardag R, Ozsoy-Sacan O, Bolkent S, Orak H, Karabulut-Bulan O. Protective effects of metformin treatment on the liver injury of streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2005; 24: 129-135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0960327104ht507oa
Genanri FJ. Hypo-hypernatraemia: Disorders of water balance. In: Oxford Textbook of Clinical Nephrology, Davison AM, Cameron JS, Grunfeld JP, Kerr DNS, Ritz E, Winearls CG, Eds. 2nd edn. Vol. 1, Oxford, England, Oxford University, 1998; ISBN: 019262413X, pp: 175-200.
Ahmed A, Zannad F, Love TE, Tallaj J, Gheorghiade M, et al. A propensitymatched study of the association of low serum potassium levels and mortality in chronic heart failure. J Eur Heart 2007; 28: 1334-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehm091
Hunt JV, Smith CCT, Wolff SP. Autooxidative glycosylation and possible involvement of peroxides and free radicals in LDL modification by glucose. Diabetes 1990; 9: 1420-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/diab.39.11.1420
Musabayane CT, Munjeri O, Mdege ND. Effects of 38. Helichrysumceres extracts on renal function and blood pressure in the rat. Renal Failure 2003; 25: 5-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/JDI-120017438
Gondwe M, Kamadyaapa DR, Tufts M, Chuturgoon AA, Musabayane CT. Sclerocaryabirrea [(A. Rich.) Hochst.] [Anacardiaceae] stem-bark ethanolic extract (SBE) modulates blood glucose, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Phytomedicine 2008; 15: 699-709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2008.02.004
Musabayane CT. The effects of medicinal plants on renal function and blood pressure in diabetes mellitus. S Afr J Diabetes Vasc Dis 2012; 9: 114-19.
