ACPA and Future Onset of Rheumatoid Arthritis Among Individuals With Undifferentiated Arthritis and Arthritis Free Individuals: A Systematic Review of Cohort Studies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12970/2310-9874.2015.03.02.2Keywords:
ACPA, Rheumatoid Arthritis onset, Systematic Review, Cohort Studies, Healthy Subjects.Abstract
Objective: Antibodies against anti-cyclic citrullinated proteins (ACPA) have been suggested as a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A systematic review of the literature was conducted to determine the relationship between ACPA antibodies and future RA development and to identify the methodological limitations in order to guide the design of any future cohort study in this field.
Materials and Methods: Web of Science, Pub Med, and EMBASE databases were searched. A data extraction and quality assessment form was developed based on the ACROBAT-NRSI (“A Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool - for Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions) and STROBE statement. Our initial searches produced 1,396 titles, which were reviewed by title and abstract. Thirty seven studies were selected for full text review and eleven studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria.
Results: Qualitative synthesis of the included studies revealed a consistent positive association between ACPA and future RA development. The unadjusted HR comparing ACPA positive and negative groups ranged from 2.46 to 223.1, while the unadjusted OR ranged 1.09 to 46.7. Only one study reported an unadjusted RR of 2.75.
Conclusion: The review indicated that the presence of ACPA in patients with undifferentiated arthritis and healthy subjects predicts future onset of RA.
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